An Analysis of Change on Alpine Skiers' Body Composition, Anaerobic Power, and Isokinetic Muscular Function between before and after Winter Season / 대한스포츠의학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes on alpine skiers' body composition, anaerobic power, isokinetic knee strength and muscle balance ratio (hamstring to quadriceps [HQ] ratio) before and after winter season. METHODS: The subjects of this study was 22 elite alpine skier, aged 16–20 years. Participants were divided into two groups (male, 12; female, 10). The study conducts a periodization training program in the winter season for 4 months. The data processing of this study was analyzed by paired t-test, using SPSS 21.0 statistics program. RESULTS: There was significance on fat free mass in male group (p < 0.05); there was significance on anaerobic power and average power in female group (p < 0.01), and fatigue index significantly increased in male group (p < 0.05). There was significance on extension power of male group and flexion power of female group in 30°/sec. There was significance on extension power of both groups in 180°/sec (p < 0.05). There was significant increase on flexion power of male group in 240°/sec (p < 0.01). There was significant increase on H/Q% of female right side in 30°/sec (p < 0.01). There was significance on right side of both groups in 180°/sec (p < 0.05). There were significances on right and left side of both groups in 240°/sec (male, p < 0.01; female, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Therefore, this study suggests that the periodization training should be important to maintain and to develop seasonal condition of alpine skiers.

Effects of Preseason Intermittent Complex Training on Body Composition, Aerobic-Anaerobic Capacity, and Hematologic Parameters in High School Soccer Players / 대한스포츠의학회지

The purpose of this study was to compare body composition, anaerobic capacity, and hematologic parameters after intermittent complex training in high school soccer players. The subjects were 15 high school soccer players (age, 15.60±0.82 years; height, 171.93±5.65 cm; body weight, 61.32±7.43 kg). Clinical variables included body composition, anaerobic capacity, and hematologic parameters. Data were analyzed to compare between trials by paired sample t-test. As a result, there were significant differences in body weight (p<0.05) and muscle mass (p<0.05) of body composition after 4 weeks. There were significant differences in shuttle run (p<0.001) and heart rate in rest (p<0.05) of aerobic performance after 4 weeks. There were significant differences in lactate dehydrogenase (p<0.001), creatine kinase (p<0.001), all out lactic acid (p<0.01), and red blood cell (p<0.001) of hematologic parameters after 4 weeks. In summary, intermittent complex training for 4 weeks showed strong influences on body composition and hematologic parameters variables in high school soccer players.

Effects of Auditory Information and Expertise on the Kinematic Variables of Lower Extremity during Golf Iron Swing / 대한스포츠의학회지

The purpose of this study was to examine kinematic variables in golf swing depending on auditory information and expertise. The subjects were semi-professional 5 golfers and amateur 5 golfers. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance for repeated measures using SPSS program. The results were followed. The angular displacement of the shoulder joint's right was significant that skilled and unskilled group were according to the swing the most phase in the metronome. Unskilled group was significant difference to swing with the music performed in 4 phases. Angular displacement of the hip joint's right was significant difference that skilled group was to swing in all phases and unskilled group was showed significant differences in the 3 phase. Angular displacement of the hip joint's left was significant difference that skilled group in all phases except for two phase. Unskilled group was significant differences in all phases. The angular displacement of knee joint's right were significant difference that skilled group was to swing in all phases. Unskilled group was showed except for 1 phase a significant difference was found in all phases. The angular displacement of knee joint's left were significant difference that skilled group and unskilled group showed significant differences in all phases. The angular displacement of ankle joint's right and left ankle joint were significant differences, both skilled and unskilled group in all aspects. Consequently, efficient golf swing may affect that the accuracy considered over the regular rhythmic auditory training methods that provide auditory information.

Effects of Distance and Accuracy on Visual Search in Golf Putting / 대한스포츠의학회지

The purpose of this study was to examine the eye movement depending on putting distance and accuracy in golf putting. The subjects were semi-professional 5 golfers. Golfers had performed golf putting on 2 m and 15 m distances. Visual search had used in order to examine the eye movement in success and failure of putting by eye tracker (Dikablis 2.0). During golf putting, eye movement analysis had analyzed on the ball and the hole of putting distance and accuracy. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance for repeated measures using SPSS ver. 15.0 program. Visual search to distance and accuracy on ball were as followed. Duration was significant differences in putting distance. Number of glances was significant differences in accuracy. Percentaged glance proportion was significant differences in putting distance. Glance frequency was significant differences in putting distance. Visual search to distance and accuracy on hole were followed. Total glance time and number of glances were significant differences in putting distance. Mean glance duration was significant differences in putting distance, accuracy, and between interaction. Percentaged glance proportion was significant differences in putting distance and between interaction. Maximal glance duration was significant differences in putting distance, accuracy, and between interaction. Minimal glance duration was significant differences in accuracy, and between interaction. Glance frequency was significant differences in between interaction. This study will be expected to be utilized for putting performance improvement as a basis for developing an exercise program.